There are many different types of adhesives used to stick things together...

They range from natural materials (animal, casein and starch glues) to synthetic polymers (epoxy resins, urea formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde and polyvinyl acetate [PVA]) and to solutions of materials in volatile solvents (rubber cement, cellulose glue and model glue). It is essential that the right glue be used, in terms of the materials to be stuck together and the strength and rigidity required for the specific job. The label should state the purpose for which the glue is intended.

Health effects
With solvent-based glues, use only in well-ventilated areas. Some of the solvents are toxic and can affect the central nervous system, others can accumulate in the body and can affect the liver. Keep the lid on the can, or the cap on the tube, whenever you are not actually using the glue. This stops the solvents escaping and extends the life of the glue. So-called 'Superglues' dry in seconds and are very difficult to remove, so skin contact must be avoided.

Some of the synthetic polymers, particularly the two-part resins, involve catalysts or curing agents which are toxic, and direct contact with them must be avoided. Some synthetic glues contain formaldehyde which can affect people who are allergic to it.

Environmental effects
Many glues release solvents which contribute to air pollution. Whichever glue you choose, don't buy a larger quantity than you need-and use it sparingly.

Alternatives
Water-based glues such as PVA (polyvinyl acetates) and starch-based glues are safer options, especially for children. There are several non-solvent glues now available, or an effective glue for use with paper can be made by mixing cornflour with a little water.