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Antifreeze is added to the water in car radiators for use in cold climates...
 Antifreeze reduces the temperature at which the water freezes. Commercial antifreeze usually consists of 90 per cent ethylene glycol (see Solvents) and 5-10 per cent corrosion inhibitors.
In Australia nitrates, phosphates and silicates are used as inhibitors and a trace of a bittering agent is added to make the product unattractive to drink.
Health effects
Ethylene glycol is a clear, syrupy liquid with a sweet taste. It is very toxic when ingested and is a skin irritant. It also affects the reproductive system. It is very corrosive to painted surfaces. Products containing it must be kept out of the reach of children. If it is swallowed, induce vomiting and take the person to a hospital; rapid collapse may occur.
Alternatives
Methylated spirits (see Solvents) can be used as an antifreeze but it will slowly evaporate out of the coolant and corrosion inhibitors will have to be used with it. At least 30 per cent by volume of alcohol has to be added to the water to obtain protection from temperatures as low as 14oC. Glycerine can also be used but an even higher percentage has to be added and a corrosion inhibitor also has to be used. Use public transport, buy an air-cooled vehicle. |
